Monday, May 18, 2020

Effect of List Position on Free Recall Essay - 792 Words

In our daily lives, we constantly try to store and retrieve information from our memory. Sometimes the retrieval process is quite simple, while other times it seems to be almost impossible. An experiment was done to investigate the effect of list position on free recall. The serial position effect refers to the U-shaped pattern presentation on a free recall task. The accuracy of item recall depends on the order that the stimulus is presented. The serial position curve is an example of how the recency and primacy effect appears to have influence on recall. Primacy effect results from initial observations and it is believed that the first few items of the list is remembered the second best. The recency effect results from the final†¦show more content†¦The participant is permitted to use any form of memory strategies available. The independent variables are the letters being presented and its serial positioning. The dependent variable is the proportion of times each letter is recalled. Results The graph below shows the U-shaped pattern presentation, which shows the serial position effect. As presented in the graph, the position of the item effects the ability of recall. Primacy effect can be seen in the beginning of the graph, and the receneny effect can be seen at the end of the graph. The results indicate that as serial positioning of the item increased the accuracy percentage decreased. Provided below is the graph of the average experiment results of PSY270 winter Class. Discussion It was hypothesized that participants will recall the last items most accurately, first items fairly accurate and middle items the least accurate. However, the results of the curve could vary depending on the memory strategies used and the order that the participant recalls the items. Most often participants will recall the last few items presented first which would cause the latter end of the U-shaped curve to be higher. 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Illustrate Your Answer with Examples of the Kinds of Information Which Each System Stores1573 Words   |  7 Pages 2007). One of the strongest evidence to support this distinction lies in Murdock’s (1962) experiment – when presented with a list of words, the tendency was that the participants would more likely recall the first words (primacy effect) and the last words (recency effect) than the words in the middle of the list (Myers, 2010). This is known as the serial position effect whereby the first words are recalled since they have been transferred to LTM and the last words were still accessible in STM (Myers

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